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Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida
 | |
 Exterior view, January 2020 | |
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| Former names | List
|
|---|---|
| Address | 347 Don Shula Drive |
| Location | Miami Gardens, Florida |
| Coordinates | 25°57′29″N 80°14′20″W / 25.95806°N 80.23889°W / 25.95806; -80.23889 Coordinates: 25°57′29″N 80°14′20″W / 25.95806°N 80.23889°W / 25.95806; -80.23889 |
| Parking | 26,718 cars |
| Capacity | Football: 64,767[2] [3] Tennis: 14,000[4] Original: 75,000 |
| Record attendance | 80,120 (2013 BCS National Championship Game) |
| Surface | Tifway 419 Bermuda Grass |
| Construction | |
| Broke ground | December 1, 1985 |
| Opened | August 16, 1987 (1987-08-16) |
| Construction cost | US $115 million ($277 million in 2020 dollars[7]) |
| Architect | HOK |
| Project manager | George A. Fuller Company[5] |
| Structural engineer | Bliss & Nyitray Inc. |
| Services engineer | Blum Consulting Engineers |
| General contractor | Huber, Hunt & Nichols[6] |
| Tenants | |
| Miami Dolphins (NFL) (1987–present) Russell Athletic Bowl (NCAA) (1990–2000) Florida Marlins (MLB) (1993–2011) Orange Bowl (NCAA) (1996–present) Florida Atlantic Owls (NCAA) (2001–2002) Miami Hurricanes (NCAA) (2008–present) Miami Open (Tennis) (2019–present) | |
| Website | |
| hardrockstadium | |
Hard Rock Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in Miami Gardens, Florida, a city north of Miami. It is the home stadium of the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL). Hard Rock Stadium also plays host to the Miami Hurricanes football team. In addition, the facility hosts the Orange Bowl, an annual college football bowl game, and the Miami Open tennis tournament. Starting in 2022, Hard Rock Stadium will also be the host of a Formula 1 race, which would be raced at the Miami International Autodrome, which goes around the stadium. It was the home to the Florida Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1993 to 2011.
The stadium has hosted six Super Bowls (XXIII, XXIX, XXXIII, XLI, XLIV, LIV), the 2010 Pro Bowl,[8] two World Series (1997 and 2003), four BCS National Championship Games (2001, 2005, 2009, 2013), one CFP National Championship (2021), the second round of the 2009 World Baseball Classic, and WrestleMania XXVIII.
The facility opened in 1987 as Joe Robbie Stadium and has been known by a number of names since: Pro Player Park, Pro Player Stadium, Dolphins Stadium, Dolphin Stadium, Land Shark Stadium, and Sun Life Stadium. In August 2016, the team sold the naming rights to Hard Rock Cafe Inc. for $250 million over 18 years.[9]
History [edit]
Conception and construction [edit]
County officials check out the interior of the stadium, April 24, 1987
For their first 21 seasons, the Miami Dolphins played at the Orange Bowl. Joe Robbie, the team founder, explained what led to the decision to build a new stadium. "In 1976, the city of Miami wanted to quadruple our rent. That did it. I began thinking in earnest about building a stadium."[10] What made the construction of the stadium truly unique was that it was the first multipurpose stadium ever built in the United States that was entirely privately financed.[10]
Robbie also believed it was only a matter of time before a Major League Baseball team came to South Florida. At his request, the stadium was built in a rectangular configuration with a field that was somewhat wider than was normally the case for an NFL stadium.[11] The wide field also made it fairly easy to convert the stadium for soccer.
Because of this design decision, the first row of seats was 90 ft (27 m) from the sideline in a football configuration, considerably more distant than the first row of seats in most football stadiums (the closest seats at the new Soldier Field, for instance, are 55 ft (17 m) from the sideline at the 50-yard line). This resulted in a less intimate venue for football compared to other football facilities built around this time, as well as to the Orange Bowl.
At the time it opened in 1987, the stadium was located in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, and had a Miami address. Specifically it was in the Scott Lake census-designated place.[12] [13] Today it is located in the city of Miami Gardens, which was incorporated on May 13, 2003.[14]
Dolphins [edit]
The stadium before a Miami Dolphins game, 2007
The first preseason game for the Dolphins was played on August 16, 1987 against the Chicago Bears. The first regular season game was scheduled for September 27, a week 3 game against the New York Giants; this game was canceled and not made up due to the 1987 players strike. The first regular season NFL game played there was a 42–0 Dolphins victory over the Kansas City Chiefs on October 11, 1987. The game was in the middle of the 1987 NFL strike, and was played with replacement players.[15] The first game with union players was on October 25 of that year, a 34–31 overtime loss to the Buffalo Bills. The stadium hosted its first Monday Night Football game on December 7 of that year, a 37–28 Dolphins victory over the New York Jets.
The Dolphins have played eight playoff games in the stadium, including the 1992 AFC Championship Game, which the team lost to the Buffalo Bills, 29–10. The Dolphins are 5–3 in playoff games held here, losing the most recent one in January 2009, against the Baltimore Ravens. Most recently, the stadium was host of the Miracle in Miami 2018 game against the Patriots where the Dolphins scored on the last play of the game.
The team is unbeaten here against the Minnesota Vikings (3–0) and Los Angeles/St. Louis Rams (4–0); they are winless here against the Dallas Cowboys (0–3) and New York Giants (0–3).
The Marlins move in [edit]
A Florida Marlins baseball game, 2008
While Joe Robbie Stadium was built primarily for football, its design also accommodated baseball and soccer. Dolphins founder Joe Robbie believed it was a foregone conclusion that MLB would come to South Florida, so he wanted the stadium designed to make any necessary renovations for baseball as seamless as possible. In 1990, Wayne Huizenga purchased 50% of then-Joe Robbie Stadium and became the point man in the drive to bring Major League Baseball (MLB) to South Florida. That effort was rewarded in July 1991, when the Miami area was awarded an MLB expansion franchise. The new team was named the Florida Marlins, and placed in the National League to begin competing in 1993. Proposed 1994 FIFA World Cup matches could not be held at the stadium, as this June–July tournament conflicted directly with Marlins home games; Orlando's Citrus Bowl was used instead.
The first Marlins game played at then-Joe Robbie Stadium was on April 5, 1993, a 6–3 victory over the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Marlins drew more than 3 million people in their inaugural season. They went on to win two World Series titles, in 1997 and 2003.
Despite such preparation and pockets of success, the stadium was less than adequate as a baseball venue. Although its design was meant to accommodate baseball, it was not a true multipurpose stadium. Rather, it was a football stadium that could convert into a baseball stadium. There were plenty of reminders of this at Marlins games. The stadium's color scheme matched that of the Dolphins. When the football season overlapped, cleat marks, as well as silhouettes of hashmarks and logos of the Dolphins or Hurricanes, were visible on the baseball diamond and vice versa for the baseball season with the infield dirt visible on the gridiron. The Marlins reduced capacity to 47,662 (later to 35,521), mainly to create a more intimate atmosphere for baseball. However, capacity would have likely been reduced in any event, since many of the seats in the upper deck were too far from the field to be of any use during the regular season. Even with the reduced capacity, the sight lines were less than optimal for baseball. Most seats were pointed toward the 50-yard line—where center field was located in the baseball configuration. Lights were not angled for optimum baseball visibility. Players had to walk through football tunnels to get to dugouts that were designed with low ceiling joists. Some of these issues were showcased on national television during the two World Series held there, when capacity was expanded to over 67,000. Most notably, some areas of left and center field were not part of the football playing field, and fans sitting in the left-field upper deck couldn't see any game action in those areas except on the replay boards.[16] These issues became even more pronounced over the years, as, by 2004,[17] a wave of baseball-only parks left what had by then been renamed Pro Player Stadium as the only National League park that played host to both an MLB and an NFL team.
Additionally, the stadium was built for games held during the fall/winter football season, not for games in the tropical summers of South Florida, which feature oppressive heat, humidity, frequent rain, and occasional tropical storms. For most of the stadium's run as a baseball venue, it was the hottest stadium in the majors, with temperatures for day games frequently reaching well above 95 °F (35 °C). The Marlins played most of their summer home games at night as a result. The lack of refuge from the uncomfortable climate and disruptive rain delays were considered a cause of chronically low attendance after that inaugural season. When the Marlins were not contending, they struggled to attract crowds larger than 5,000—a figure that looked even smaller than that due to the cavernous environment. Some Marlins players later admitted that they "couldn't wait to go on the road" because Sun Life Stadium (as their home had been renamed in 2010) had the "worst [playing] conditions" and least fan energy in the majors during years when the team was not a contender.[18] [19] [20]
The Marlins' former home at what was then Dolphin Stadium was primarily a football stadium, shown prepping for a Dolphins game with gridlines over the diamond in August 2007.
Baseball renovations and configurations [edit]
After Huizenga bought part of the stadium, it was extensively renovated to accommodate a baseball team at the cost of several million dollars, as part of his successful bid to bring baseball to South Florida. Purists initially feared the result would be similar to Exhibition Stadium in Toronto; when the Toronto Blue Jays played there from 1977 to 1989, they were burdened with seats that were so far from the field (over 800 feet in some cases) that they weren't even sold during the regular season. However, Robbie had foreseen Miami would be a likely location for a new or relocated MLB team, and the stadium was designed to make any necessary renovations for baseball as seamless as possible. On January 24, 1994, Huizenga acquired the remaining 50% of the stadium to give him 100% ownership.
Interior of Hard Rock Stadium in 2009, then named Land Shark Stadium. When the Marlins played there, the field was juggled among the Miami Dolphins, Miami Hurricanes, and Florida Marlins, making it an extremely used turf.
Aside from baseball renovations, the stadium underwent some permanent renovations. In April 2006, the stadium unveiled two Daktronics large video boards, the largest in professional sports at the time.[21] The east display measured 50 ft (15 m) high by 140 ft (43 m) wide, and the west end zone display measured 50 ft (15 m) high by 100 ft (30 m) wide. A new 2,118-foot (646 m)-long LED ribbon board, again the largest in the world at the time, was also installed. These have since been surpassed in size.[21]
In addition, the upgrades included vastly widened 40,000-square-foot (3,700 m2) concourses on the stadium's north and south sides. Bars, lounges and other amenities were also added. The renovation had three phases, with the second and third phases of renovation taking place after the Marlins left the stadium. These remaining phases included adding a roof to shield fans from the rain, which caused the relocation of the video boards to the top corners of the upper deck, as well as remodeling the sidelines of the lower bowl to narrow the field and bring seats closer, ending its convertibility to baseball. The orange colored seats were also replaced with teal colored ones.[22]
2015 renovation [edit]
The Marlins left for their own stadium, LoanDepot Park, which was completed for the 2012 MLB season.
A privately funded $350 million stadium renovation project began in January 2015, right after the 2014 Orange Bowl (December). The project plan allowed the stadium to be used for football games during the 2015 season and was completed for the 2016 football season.[23] Stadium upgrades included video boards in each corner of the stadium, additional suites, and an open-air canopy over the main seating areas.[24] As part of the renovation, the stadium's seating capacity was reduced from 75,000 to 65,000 seats. Personal seat licenses were not used, and a preview center opened at the stadium in February 2015 to help current and prospective season ticket holders select their ticket packages. Luxury packages were used in place of PSL revenue to help finance the stadium. Thirty-two four-seat pods were installed located in the lower bowl at the south 30-yard lines, with an additional 16 pods at the south end zone.[25] The pods feature a living room arrangement, including premium furniture and television screens that show the NFL RedZone channel and NFL programming.[26]
Expansion to tennis [edit]
In November 2017, the Miami Open tennis tournament announced that it would move from Crandon Park in Key Biscayne to Hard Rock Stadium in 2019. Its organizers had pursued a $50 million refurbishment of the aging facility, including the addition of three permanent stadium courts. However, the family who originally owned the land filed a lawsuit that blocked their construction, as their agreement to donate the site to Miami-Dade County in 1992 contained a stipulation that only one stadium may be built on the site.[27] [28] [29] [30]
To host the tournament, 29 permanent courts (including 11 tournament courts, with one being a 4,993-seat grandstand court) were built on Hard Rock Stadium's south parking lots. The stadium proper serves as center court, using a modified, 13,800-seat configuration with temporary grandstands constructed on the playing surface, placing the court roughly between the two 30-yard lines.[31] [32] [33] The move to Hard Rock Stadium was praised by players and fans because of the ample space the next complex provides.[34]
In January 2020, the stadium opened a gondola known as SkyView, which runs at the south side of the stadium complex, and provides views of the grounds and the Miami skyline.[35]
Seating capacity [edit]
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Permanent seating [edit]
The 65,326 permanent seats for football and soccer configurations break down as follows: For the general 19-inch (48 cm) seats with chair back and armrests, there are 27,397 in the lower deck and 34,736 in the upper deck. There are 10,209 of the bigger club 21-inch (53 cm) seats with chair back and armrests. In the 193 executive suites with 10, 12, 16, 20, and 24 seats, there are a total of 3,198. There are also 300 accessible seating locations for spectators with disabilities, 150 seats for working press, and 10 radio/TV booths.[36]
The stadium contains 10,209 club seats and 216 suites. When the Marlins played at the stadium, 2,400 of the club seats and 216 suites were available.[ citation needed ]
Parking [edit]
The parking around the stadium takes up 140 acres (57 ha), featuring parking for 24,137 cars, 171 buses, 90 RVs, 85 limousines, and one helipad on site.[36]
Notable events [edit]
NFL [edit]
An NFL game at then-named Dolphin Stadium in 2007
The stadium has played host to six Super Bowls (XXIII, XXIX, XXXIII, XLI, XLIV, and LIV). There has been a kickoff return for a touchdown in each Super Bowl played at the stadium, except for the two most recent games. The stadium also hosted the 2010 Pro Bowl.
Super Bowl XLI in 2007 at Dolphin Stadium, when the Indianapolis Colts defeated the Chicago Bears 29–17, was marred by heavy rains. An estimated 30% of the lower-level seating was empty during the second half.[37]
In 2010, the NFL threatened to take the stadium out of further consideration for a Super Bowl or Pro Bowl unless significant renovations were made. One of the upgrades desired was a roof to protect fans from the elements. In 2012, the Dolphins scrapped plans for pitching a $200-million hotel tax proposal that would have included a partial stadium roof.
In 2016, an open-air canopy was constructed that protects the seating bowl from the elements. The canopy, however, does have a football-field-sized hole in the middle, and thus does not protect the playing field itself from rain. The renovations were completed by the first Miami Dolphins pre-season home game in September 2016.
Previously, since the field runs east–west (rather than north–south as is the case in most other stadiums), the north stands were exposed to the full force of South Florida's oppressive heat early in the season. The issue became so problematic that Stephen Ross, who owns the Dolphins and the stadium, successfully petitioned the NFL to have all September home games start at or after 4 pm. Ross knew that for much of September, the Dolphins had a substantial home-field advantage against opponents unaccustomed to the sweltering heat. However, he was willing to give that up in order to ensure a more comfortable environment for fans, as well as allow the stadium to host another Super Bowl.[38]
In 2021, the team is expected to open the Baptist Health Training Complex at the west side of the Stadium complex. The Dolphins will permanently move to the state-of-the art facilities that will host the team headquarters, and also be a World Cup practice facility site.[39]
| Date | Super Bowl | Team (Visitor) | Points | Team (Home) | Points | Spectators |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 22, 1989 | XXIII | Cincinnati Bengals | 16 | San Francisco 49ers | 20 | 75,597 |
| January 29, 1995 | XXIX | San Diego Chargers | 26 | San Francisco 49ers | 49 | 74,107 |
| January 31, 1999 | XXXIII | Denver Broncos | 34 | Atlanta Falcons | 19 | 74,803 |
| February 4, 2007 | XLI | Indianapolis Colts | 29 | Chicago Bears | 17 | 74,512 |
| February 7, 2010 | XLIV | New Orleans Saints | 31 | Indianapolis Colts | 17 | 74,059 |
| February 2, 2020 | LIV | San Francisco 49ers | 20 | Kansas City Chiefs | 31 | 62,417 |
College football [edit]
The stadium has hosted both the 2009 BCS National Championship Game and the 2013 BCS National Championship Game.[40] The 2013 game between Alabama and Notre Dame set a new attendance record for the facility, with 80,120 on hand to witness Alabama's third BCS Championship in four seasons.[41]
Hard Rock Stadium prior to the November 11, 2017 Miami Hurricanes vs. Notre Dame football game.
The stadium has hosted the Miami Hurricanes beginning in 2008. The stadium was the home field for the Florida Atlantic Owls (2001–2002).
Between 1990 and 2000, the stadium hosted a bowl game variously known as the Blockbuster Bowl, CarQuest Bowl, and MicronPC Bowl. After 2000, that bowl was moved to Orlando, where it eventually became known as the Russell Athletic Bowl.
The stadium has been the site of the Orange Bowl game since 1996, except for the January 1999 contest between Florida and Syracuse, which had to be moved due to a conflict with a Dolphins playoff game.
Until 2008, the stadium was host (in even numbered years) to the annual Shula Bowl, a game played between the Florida Atlantic University Owls and the Florida International University Panthers, when the game was hosted by FAU as the home team (FIU hosts the game at its own stadium, Riccardo Silva Stadium, every other year). In 2010, the game was moved to Fort Lauderdale's Lockhart Stadium, and in 2011 the Owls opened FAU Stadium on its Boca Raton campus, and started hosting the Shula Bowl there biennially in 2012.
Coast Guard MH-65 Dolphin helicopter flies over then-named Sun Life Stadium
In 2021, it hosted the 2021 College Football Playoff National Championship.
WrestleMania XXVIII [edit]
A then-record attendance of 78,363 fans packed Sun Life Stadium for WrestleMania XXVIII
On April 1, 2012, the stadium hosted WrestleMania XXVIII—WWE's flagship professional wrestling event. It marked the second edition of WrestleMania to be held in Florida, and the third to be held entirely outdoors.[42] [43]
With an attendance of 78,363, the event grossed $67 million, and was estimated to have generated $103 million in revenue for Miami.[44] [45]
Baseball [edit]
Two National League Division Series have been played at the stadium:
- 1997 against the San Francisco Giants: Marlins win 3 games to 0
- 2003 against the San Francisco Giants: Marlins win 3 games to 1
Two National League Championship Series have been played at Hard Rock Stadium:
- 1997 against the Atlanta Braves: Marlins win 4 games to 2
- 2003 against the Chicago Cubs: Marlins win 4 games to 3
Two World Series have been played at Hard Rock Stadium:
- 1997 against the Cleveland Indians: Marlins win 4 games to 3
- 2003 against the New York Yankees: Marlins win 4 games to 2
All those series have been played when the stadium went by the name Pro Player Stadium.
When the Marlins began play in 1993, baseball capacity was initially reduced to 47,662, with most of the upper level covered with a tarp. In addition to Huizenga's desire to create a more intimate atmosphere for baseball, most of the seats in the upper level would have been too far from the field to be of any use during the regular season. The stadium's baseball capacity was further reduced over the years, and finally settled at 38,560 seats. However, the Marlins would usually open the entire upper level for the postseason. In the 1997 World Series, the Marlins played before crowds of over 67,000 fans, some of the highest postseason attendance figures in MLB history, only exceeded by Cleveland Stadium, home of the Cleveland Indians during the 1948 and 1954 World Series, old Yankee Stadium prior to its mid-1970s renovation, and the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, the temporary home of the Los Angeles Dodgers (before Dodger Stadium was opened) in the 1959 World Series.
Although it was designed from the ground up to accommodate baseball, it was never a true multipurpose stadium. Rather, it was built as a football stadium that could convert into a baseball stadium. Most of the seats in the baseball configuration were pointed toward center field – where the 50-yard line would have been in the football configuration. As a result, even with the reduced capacity, the sight lines for baseball left much to be desired. This was particularly evident during the Marlins' World Series appearances in 1997 and 2003. Some portions of left and center field were not part of the football playing field, and fans sitting in the left field upper-deck seats were unable to see these areas except on the replay boards. Even with the reduced capacity, during years the Marlins were not contending, they often drew crowds of 5,000 or fewer — a total that looked even smaller due to the spacious environment.
The stadium was notorious for its poor playing conditions. The lights were not located in optimal positions for baseball visibility. During August and September, when the Dolphins (and later, the Hurricanes) shared the stadium, the field conditions were, according to both Marlins players and visiting players, among the worst in the majors. Indeed, several Marlins players said that at times, they "couldn't wait to go on the road." Visiting teams hated coming to the stadium as well. For instance, when the Atlanta Braves came to the stadium for the last time in 2011, Dan Uggla, who played for the Marlins from 2006 to 2010, said that he was probably the only Braves player who was going to miss it.[46] [47] [48] The stadium's problems as a baseball venue became even more stark as time wore on, as the Marlins' tenure in the stadium coincided with a wave of new, baseball-only parks. When the Marlins began play in 1993, the stadium was one of 14 that hosted both a Major League Baseball team and a professional football team. But by the time the Marlins left the stadium, it was one of only three in the majors (and the only National League stadium) that played host to both a baseball team and an NFL or CFL team. The others were the Oakland Coliseum and Toronto's Rogers Centre.
For most of the Marlins' tenure at the stadium, it was the hottest stadium in the major leagues. The Marlins played nearly all of their home games from late May through mid-September at night due to South Florida's often oppressive heat and humidity. They also got waivers from MLB and ESPN to play on Sunday nights.
The stadium was the venue where Mark McGwire hit his NL-record 57th home run to best Hack Wilson's 68-year-old record of 56 in 1998. Ken Griffey Jr. hit his 600th career home run off Mark Hendrickson of the Marlins on June 9, 2008; and where Roy Halladay of the Philadelphia Phillies pitched the 20th perfect game in Major League Baseball history on May 29, 2010, against the Marlins.
Concerts [edit]
| Date | Performer(s) | Opening act(s) | Tour/Event | Attendance | Revenue | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 3, 1988 | Rod Stewart Hall & Oates Chicago | John Day and Full Circle | Happy Birthday America '88 | 40,000 | — | |
| July 30, 1989 | The Who | — | The Who Tour 1989 | 54,339 / 54,339 | $1,222,628 | |
| April 14, 1990 | Paul McCartney | — | The Paul McCartney World Tour | 95,410 / 95,410 | $2,862,300 | |
| April 15, 1990 | ||||||
| August 12, 1990 | New Kids on the Block | The Magic Summer Tour | 60,000 / 60,000 | — | ||
| December 31, 1991 | Guns N' Roses | — | Use Your Illusion Tour | — | — | |
| May 16, 1992 | Genesis | — | We Can't Dance Tour | — | — | |
| July 4, 1992 | Chicago | — | — | — | — | |
| September 26, 1992 | Crosby, Stills & Nash | — | — | — | — | |
| October 3, 1992 | U2 | Big Audio Dynamite II Public Enemy | Zoo TV Tour | 45,244 / 46,000 | $1,289,454 | |
| March 30, 1994 | Pink Floyd | The Division Bell Tour | 54,738 / 54,738 | $1,975,665 | ||
| November 25, 1994 | The Rolling Stones | Bryan Adams Blind Melon Lenny Kravitz | Voodoo Lounge Tour | 55,935 / 55,935 | $2,574,810 | Special Guest Michael Hutchence. |
| April 13, 1995 | Billy Joel Elton John | — | Face to Face 1995 | 103,694 / 103,694 | $4,385,725 | |
| April 14, 1995 | ||||||
| March 8, 1997 | The Three Tenors | — | The Three Tenors World Tour | — | — | |
| November 14, 1997 | U2 | Smash Mouth | PopMart Tour | 42,778 / 44,500 | $2,158,988 | |
| July 10, 2007 | The Police | Maroon 5 Fiction Plane | The Police Reunion Tour | 46,105 / 46,105 | $5,094,870 | |
| November 26, 2008[49] | Madonna | Paul Oakenfold | Sticky & Sweet Tour | 47,998 / 47,998 | $6,137,030 | Timbaland and Pharrell Williams were the special guests onstage. |
| April 3, 2010[50] | Paul McCartney | — | Up and Coming Tour | 35,784 / 35,784 | $4,325,859 | |
| June 29, 2011[51] | U2 | Florence and the Machine | U2 360° Tour | 72,569 / 72,569 | $6,799,670 | The concert was originally scheduled to take place on July 9, 2010, but then it was postponed due to Bono's back surgery. |
| November 23, 2011 | The Black Eyed Peas | Sean Kingston Jason Derulo T-Pain CeeLo Green Queen Latifah | The Beginning | — | — | |
| August 16, 2013[52] | Justin Timberlake Jay-Z | DJ Cassidy | Legends of the Summer | 46,366 / 46,366 | $5,350,175 | |
| June 25, 2014 | Beyoncé Jay-Z | — | On the Run Tour | 49,980 / 49,980 | $5,450,026 | |
| October 5, 2014 | One Direction | 5 Seconds of Summer | Where We Are Tour | 53,914 / 53,914 | $4,303,749 | |
| June 11, 2017 | U2 | OneRepublic | The Joshua Tree Tour 2017 | 48,494 / 48,494 | $5,923,665 | |
| July 7, 2017 | Metallica | Avenged Sevenfold Volbeat | WorldWired Tour | 42,168 / 45,433 | $3,163,523 | |
| August 28, 2017 | Coldplay | AlunaGeorge Izzy Bizu | A Head Full of Dreams Tour | 47,866 / 47,866 | $6,446,966 | |
| April 21, 2018 | Eagles | Jimmy Buffett | North American Tour 2018 | |||
| August 18, 2018 | Taylor Swift | Camila Cabello Charli XCX | Taylor Swift's Reputation Stadium Tour | 47,818 / 47,818 | $7,072,164 | |
| August 30, 2018 | Beyoncé Jay-Z | Chloe X Halle DJ Khaled | On the Run II Tour | 44,310 / 44,310 | $6,295,535 | |
| August 30, 2019 | The Rolling Stones | N/A | No Filter Tour | 40,768 / 40,768 | $9,762,771 | This concert was originally scheduled to take place on April 20, 2019, but was postponed due to Mick Jagger recovering from a heart procedure.[53] Ultimately, due to the weather forecast of the impending Hurricane Dorian, the scheduled August 31 concert was moved up one day.[54] [55] The last tour concert ever to feature late drummer Charlie Watts. |
| August 1, 2021 | Green Day Fall Out Boy Weezer | The Interrupters | Hella Mega Tour | TBA | TBA | Rescheduled from August 5, 2020 |
| June 18, 2022 | Def Leppard Mötley Crüe | Joan Jett & the Blackhearts Poison | The Stadium Tour | TBA | TBA | |
| August 30, 2022 | Red Hot Chili Peppers | The Strokes Thundercat | 2022 Global Stadium Tour | [56] |
Soccer [edit]
A number of soccer matches have been held in the stadium, including a number of international friendlies featuring Central or South American sides. (This is due to South Florida being home to one of the largest populations of Central and South Americans in the United States.)
The stadium hosted a match between FC Barcelona and C.D. Guadalajara on August 3, 2011, as part of the 2011 World Football Challenge. Guadalajara won the match, 4–1, in front of 70,080 attendees.[57]
Colombia beat Mexico, 2–0, in a friendly international in front of 51,615 spectators at the stadium on February 29, 2012. A year later they beat Guatemala, 4–1.
A.C. Milan and Chelsea faced each other at the stadium on July 28, 2012. A.C. Milan won the match, 1–0, in front of 57,748 fans.[58]
Brazil beat Honduras, 5–0, in a friendly match in front of 71,124 spectators on November 16, 2013. The attendance was the highest for a soccer match at the stadium.[59]
England played Ecuador and Honduras at the New Miami Stadium on June 4 and 7, 2014, respectively.[60]
South Korea played against Ghana on June 9, 2014.
On September 5, 2014, two months after a heavy defeat to Germany in the World Cup, Brazil beat Colombia, 1–0, in front of an announced attendance of 73,429 fans, a new attendance record for a soccer match at the stadium.
The 2014 International Champions Cup preseason final was held at New Miami Stadium with Manchester United defeating rivals Liverpool 3–1 on August 4, 2014 to claim the tournament's second title.
Two 2017 International Champions Cup preseason matches were played at the Hard Rock, one of them the El Clásico between Barcelona and Real Madrid. Barcelona won 3–2 in the second El Clásico to take place outside of Spain. 66,014 people, above current capacity, attended the match.[61]
On March 23, 2018 the international friendly Peru–Croatia was played at the stadium, which Peru won 2–0.[62]
| Date | Team (Visitor) | Goals | Team (Home) | Goals | Spectators |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 18, 1994 |  Colombia | 0 |  Sweden | 0 | 15,676 |
 Bolivia | 1 |  United States | 1 | ||
| February 20, 1994 | Bolivia | 0 | Colombia | 2 | 20,171 |
| Sweden | 3 | United States | 1 | ||
| August 3, 2011 |  FC Barcelona | 1 |  Guadalajara | 4 | 70,080 |
| October 8, 2011 |  Honduras | 0 | United States | 1 | 21,900 |
| February 29, 2012 | Colombia | 2 | Mexico | 0 | 51,615 |
| July 28, 2012 |  A.C. Milan | 1 |  Chelsea | 0 | 57,748 |
| February 6, 2013 |  Guatemala | 1 | Colombia | 4 | 25,000 |
| June 8, 2013 |  Haiti | 1 | Spain | 2 | 36,535 |
| July 12, 2013 | Haiti | 2 |  Trinidad and Tobago | 0 | 28,713 |
 El Salvador | 0 | Honduras | 1 | ||
| August 6, 2013 | Juventus | 1 | Inter Milan | 1 | 38,513 |
| November 16, 2013 |  Brazil | 5 | Honduras | 0 | 71,124 |
| June 4, 2014 | England | 2 |  Ecuador | 2 | 21,534 |
| June 7, 2014 | Honduras | 0 | England | 0 | 45,379 |
| June 9, 2014 |  Ghana | 4 |  South Korea | 0 | 7,000 |
| August 4, 2014 | Manchester United | 3 | Liverpool | 1 | 51,014 |
| September 5, 2014 | Brazil | 1 | Colombia | 0 | 73,429 |
| July 26, 2017 |  Paris Saint-Germain | 2 | Juventus | 3 | 44,444 |
| July 29, 2017 | FC Barcelona | 3 | Real Madrid | 2 | 66,014 |
| March 23, 2018 |  Croatia | 0 |  Peru | 2 | 60,000 |
| July 28, 2018 |  Bayern Munich | 2 | Manchester City | 3 | 29,195 |
| July 31, 2018 | Manchester United | 2 | Real Madrid | 1 | 64,141 |
| September 7, 2018 | Colombia | 2 |  Venezuela | 1 | 34,048 |
| October 12, 2018 |  Chile | 0 | Peru | 3 | 34,016 |
| August 7, 2019 | FC Barcelona | 2 | S.S.C. Napoli | 1 | 57,062 |
| September 6, 2019 | Colombia | 2 | Brazil | 2 | 65,232 |
| November 15, 2019 | Peru | 0 | Colombia | 1 | 36,063 |
Monster Jam [edit]
The monster truck touring series Monster Jam used to go to the stadium every year. The last show performed there was in 2015, and in 2018 the shows moved to Marlins Park.
| Year | Date | Racing Winner | Freestyle Winner |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | January 26 | Gunslinger | El Toro Loco |
| 2003 | January 25 | El Toro Loco | Grave Digger |
| 2004 | January 24 | MADUSA | Grave Digger |
| 2005 | February 5 | Grave Digger | El Toro Loco/Grave Digger (tie) |
| 2006 | February 4 | Gunslinger | Blue Thunder |
| 2007 | February 17 | El Toro Loco | Grave Digger |
| 2008 | February 2 | Blue Thunder | Grave Digger |
| 2009 | January 31 | Stone Crusher | Grave Digger |
| 2010 | February 20 | Gunslinger | Maximum Destruction |
| 2011 | February 12 | Mohawk Warrior | Grave Digger |
| 2012 | February 11 | Bounty Hunter | Advance Auto Parts Grinder |
| 2013 | February 9 | Bounty Hunter | Grave Digger |
| 2014 | February 8 | Grave Digger The Legend | El Toro Loco |
| 2015 | January 3 | Grave Digger The Legend | |
| 2016 | No Show (Stadium Renovations) | ||
| 2017 | No Show (Unknown Reasoning) | ||
| 2018 | No Show (Moved to Marlins Park) | ||
Boxing [edit]
On February 27, 2021, four-division boxing world champion Canelo Álvarez beat Avni Yildirim at Hard Rock Stadium to defend his WBA (Super), WBC and The Ring super-middleweight titles.[63]
On June 6, 2021, Hard Rock Stadium hosted the boxing event Bragging Rights between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and YouTube personality Logan Paul.[64]
On June 12, 2021, Hard Rock Stadium hosted the Social Gloves boxing event YouTubers vs. TikTokers, with Austin McBroom and Bryce Hall headlining the event.[65]
Other events [edit]
Other events held at the stadium have included international soccer games, Hoop-It-Up Basketball, RV and boat shows, the UniverSoul Circus, and numerous trade shows. It has also hosted religious gatherings.
The stadium has also hosted Australian rules football exhibition matches (including two Victorian Football League (VFL) post-season exhibitions). For the 1988 exhibition between Collingwood and Geelong, the game was played on the diagonal to compensate for the stadium not being an oval.[66]
In 2006, it hosted the High School State Football Championships, sanctioned by the Florida High School Athletic Association (FHSAA).
In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it started temporarily hosting an outdoor movie theater at the tennis campus and a drive-in theater in the stadium itself.[67] Additionally, the East Lot of the venue has been used as a COVID-19 testing site, drawing hundreds of cars every day at the peak of the pandemic.[68]
On April 18, 2021, Formula 1 announced a 10-year deal to host races in the area around the stadium.[69]
In film [edit]
Movies have also been shot there, most notably Ace Ventura: Pet Detective, which starred Jim Carrey and featured Dolphins great Dan Marino as himself; Marley and Me, starring Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston; and the Oliver Stone-directed Any Given Sunday, starring Al Pacino.
Naming rights [edit]
The stadium has gone through many name changes, bringing up a question of the value of corporate naming rights.[70]
During the planning and building phase of the stadium, the stadium was referred to as Dolphin Stadium. Joe Robbie, the original and then-owner of the Miami Dolphins and the new stadium, did not want the stadium named after himself. Robbie said "I didn't want them to name it after me. But they insisted, and I guess I'm only human."[10] The stadium opened in 1987 as Joe Robbie Stadium.
In the early 1990s, Wayne Huizenga gained control of the stadium. Huizenga first sold the naming rights to Pro Player, the sports apparel division of Fruit of the Loom, and Joe Robbie Stadium became Pro Player Park on August 26, 1996. After the Dolphins opened the 1996 season at Pro Player Park, the stadium was renamed again Pro Player Stadium before the Dolphins returned home in Week 3. The Marlins' 1996 season was played under three different names, having started the year under the Joe Robbie name.
Fruit of the Loom filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 1999, and the Pro Player brand was ultimately liquidated in 2001, but the stadium name held for several more years. In January 2005, the Pro Player name was replaced with Dolphins Stadium, coinciding with a renovation of the stadium. Dolphins was changed to Dolphin in April 2006, in an update of graphics and logos.[71]
From February 2008 through January 2009, Stephen M. Ross gradually acquired 95% of the stadium and surrounding land. He then partnered with Jimmy Buffett to change the name once more, this time to Land Shark Stadium after a beer brewed for Buffett's Margaritaville restaurant chain. The renaming was announced on May 8, 2009, but would last less than a year as the deal did not include rights for the upcoming 2010 Pro Bowl and Super Bowl XLIV.[72]
On January 20, 2010, Canadian-based financial services company Sun Life Financial announced that it had acquired the naming rights.[73] Sun Life Financial announced in 2012, that it will be exiting the U.S. annuity business and focusing on its employee benefits business in the U.S.[74] On August 14, 2015, the Dolphins told the Miami Herald that Sun Life's deal would expire in January 2016 and that the team had no plans to renew, wanting to position their renovated stadium as a brand new entity. The team also stated that they would remove Sun Life's signage upon expiration of the deal, regardless of their ability to find a replacement sponsor before then. During renovations, it was known as the New Miami Stadium.[75]
On August 17, 2016, the Dolphins announced that the naming rights had been sold to Hard Rock Cafe International, and that the stadium would be renamed Hard Rock Stadium.[76] [77] [78] The new name was notably ridiculed by fans of the Florida State Seminoles, as the Seminole Tribe of Florida are the owners of the Hard Rock Cafe chain, but the stadium is the host stadium of their rivals, the University of Miami Hurricanes.[79]
| Name | Duration |
|---|---|
| Joe Robbie Stadium | August 16, 1987 – August 25, 1996 |
| Pro Player Park | August 26, 1996 – September 9, 1996 |
| Pro Player Stadium | September 10, 1996 – January 9, 2005 |
| Dolphins Stadium | January 10, 2005 – April 7, 2006 |
| Dolphin Stadium | April 8, 2006 – May 7, 2009 |
| Land Shark Stadium | May 8, 2009 – January 5, 2010 |
| Dolphin Stadium | January 6, 2010 – January 19, 2010 |
| Sun Life Stadium | January 20, 2010 – January 31, 2016 |
| New Miami Stadium | February 1, 2016 – August 16, 2016 |
| Hard Rock Stadium | August 17, 2016–present |
See also [edit]
- List of NCAA Division I FBS football stadiums
References [edit]
- ^ "Dolphins' home renamed Land Shark Stadium in deal with singer Buffett". National Football League. Associated Press. May 10, 2009. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
Ross said the agreement to change the name from Dolphin Stadium is for this season only and expires before the stadium plays host to the Super Bowl in February
- ^ "FAQs". Miami Dolphins. Archived from the original on June 12, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2016.
- ^ Akopyan, Manouk (January 18, 2015). "Dolphins unveil $400M renovation plan for Sun Life Stadium". National Football League. Retrieved April 7, 2016.
Sun Life Stadium's capacity will decrease from 76,018 to approximately 64,767 seats in 2017.
- ^ "Venue | Miami Open". www.miamiopen.com . Retrieved February 4, 2019.
- ^ Cosco, Joseph (August 2, 1985). "Head Of Dolphin Stadium Project Quietly Resigns". South Florida Sun-Sentinel . Retrieved December 3, 2011.
- ^ Ballparks.com – Sun Life Stadium. Football.ballparks.com. Retrieved on June 19, 2012.
- ^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved January 1, 2020.
- ^ "2010 Pro Bowl moving to Miami, will be played before Super Bowl". NFL.com. December 30, 2008.
- ^ "Hard Rock Stadium - Facts, figures, pictures and more of the Miami Dolphins college football stadium". College Gridirons . Retrieved February 20, 2019.
- ^ a b c Rollow, Cooper (January 22, 1989). "Robbie's Brainchild Now Stands As His Monument". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Sun Life Stadium at Ballparks of Baseball
- ^ "Census 2000 Block Map: Scott Lake CDP" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. - Compare the map to the addresses of the schools.
- ^ "Parking and Transportation". Hard Rock Stadium. Retrieved May 12, 2020.
347 Don Shula Drive Miami Gardens, Florida 33056
- Compare with the CDP map. - ^ "City of Miami Gardens: Demographics". 2009. Archived from the original on October 10, 2015.
- ^ 100 Things Dolphins Fans Should Know and Do Before They Die, Armando Salguero, Triumph Books, Chicago, 2020, ISBN 978-1-62937-722-3, p.189
- ^ Frisaro, Joe (September 27, 2011). "Sun to set on Sun Life Stadium". MLB Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
- ^ Prior to 2004, the San Diego Padres had shared what was then called Qualcomm Stadium with the NFL's San Diego Chargers. The Padres moved into their current home, Petco Park, in time for the 2004 season.
- ^ "Players Won't Miss Marlins' old Home". ESPN. Associated Press. September 26, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
- ^ Gonzalez, Alden (September 28, 2011). "Marlins bid farewell to Sun Life Stadium". MLB Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved September 28, 2011.
- ^ Davis, Craig (September 23, 2011). "Marlins, Opponents Eager to Bid Adieu to Sun Life Stadium". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. Fort Lauderdale. Retrieved September 28, 2011.
- ^ a b "Sun Life Stadium: Fast Facts". Archived from the original on July 22, 2012.
- ^ "Plans Unveiled for Dolphin Stadium Renovation". January 8, 2010. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012.
- ^ Catrair, Jordan (January 6, 2015). "Stadium Renovations Underway". Sun Life Stadium. Archived from the original on January 13, 2015.
- ^ Boren, Cindy (January 14, 2015). "Miami Dolphins show off Sun Life Stadium renovations". The Washington Post.
- ^ Salguero, Armando (February 5, 2015). "New pricing plan set for Miami Dolphins seats at Sun Life Stadium". Miami Herald.
- ^ Rovell, Darren (February 5, 2015). "Dolphins making fans feel at home". ESPN.
- ^ Bembry, Jerry (March 20, 2019). "Picassos, DJs, and a new stadium: Inside the new Miami Open". ESPN.com . Retrieved March 29, 2019.
- ^ "See First Glimpses of the Miami Open at Hard Rock Stadium".
- ^ Brenner, Steve (March 30, 2018). "Why is the Miami Open moving to a 65,000-capacity NFL stadium?". The Guardian . Retrieved March 2, 2019.
- ^ Shmerler, Cindy (March 30, 2018). "Key Biscayne Prepares to Say Goodbye to Pro Tennis". The New York Times . Retrieved March 31, 2019.
- ^ "Here is a sneak peak at how Hard Rock Stadium will look for the Miami Open in March". Miami Herald . Retrieved June 20, 2019.
- ^ Shmerler, Cindy (March 18, 2019). "Relocated From a Park to a Football Stadium, the Miami Open Emphasizes Luxury". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
- ^ Newcomb, Tim (January 7, 2019). "How The Miami Open Is Repositioning Itself At Hard Rock Stadium And Increasing Ticket Sales". Forbes . Retrieved March 31, 2019.
- ^ Shmerler, Cindy (March 18, 2019). "Relocated From a Park to a Football Stadium, the Miami Open Emphasizes Luxury". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
- ^ "Open Air Gondola Is Ready To Ride Outside Hard Rock Stadium". CBS Miami. January 31, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
- ^ a b "Stadium Facts". Sun Life Stadium. Archived from the original on July 26, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
- ^ Thompson, Edgar (January 7, 2010). "Miami Dolphins Propose Partial Roof for Stadium in Effort to Attract Future Super Bowls". The Palm Beach Post . Retrieved January 7, 2010.
- ^ Vikings among teams facing major stadium issues Archived July 4, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Fox Sports. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
- ^ "Miami Dolphins Break Ground On $135 Million Training Complex In Partnership With Baptist Health". www.miamidolphins.com . Retrieved July 30, 2020.
- ^ "Orange Bowl Committee – Sun Life Stadium". Retrieved January 11, 2012.
- ^ "Single Game Attendance Report". Retrieved January 8, 2013.
- ^ Varsallone, Jim (February 9, 2011). "WrestleMania 28 headed to Sun Life Stadium". The Miami Herald. Archived from the original on February 22, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ Chang, Daniel (February 9, 2011). "WWE's WrestleMania heading to Sun Life Stadium in 2012". The Miami Herald. Archived from the original on February 10, 2011. Retrieved February 10, 2011.
- ^ Bandell, Brian (October 15, 2012). "WWE: WrestleMania had $103M impact on Miami". South Florida Business Journal . Retrieved January 8, 2019.
- ^ Graser, Marc (April 25, 2013). "'WrestleMania 29' Sets Earnings Record for WWE (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety . Retrieved January 8, 2019.
- ^ "Players Won't Miss Marlins' old Home". ESPN. Associated Press. September 26, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
- ^ Gonzalez, Alden (September 28, 2011). "Marlins bid farewell to Sun Life Stadium". Major League Baseball. Retrieved September 28, 2011.
- ^ Davis, Craig (September 23, 2011). "Marlins, Opponents Eager to Bid Adieu to Sun Life Stadium". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. Fort Lauderdale. Retrieved September 28, 2011.
- ^ "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. New York City. January 3, 2009. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved December 31, 2008.
- ^ "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. October 16, 2010. Retrieved October 9, 2010.
- ^ "Billboard Boxscore – Current Boxscore". Billboard. July 23, 2011. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2011.
- ^ "Billboard Boxscore". Billboard. New York. October 2, 2013. ISSN 0006-2510. Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved October 2, 2013.
- ^ Kaufman, Gil (May 16, 2019). "Rolling Stones Announce Rescheduled North American Tour Dates". Billboard . Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ "Due to the weather forecast, the Rolling Stones show scheduled for Saturday, August 31 at the Hard Rock Stadium has been moved to tomorrow night, Friday, August 30". Facebook. August 29, 2019. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
- ^ "We're looking forward to seeing you in Miami this evening. We're sorry to those who aren't able to make the change of date, due to the predicted weather". Facebook. August 30, 2019. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
- ^ "2022 GLOBAL STADIUM TOUR UPCOMING DATES". redhotchilipeppers.com. Retrieved October 19, 2021.
- ^ "August 3, 2011: Barcelona vs. CD Guadalajara". Major League Soccer. MLSsoccer.com. August 3, 2011. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
- ^ Fernandez, Andre C. (July 28, 2012). "Alive and Well: AC Milan Tops Chelsea in Front of 57,748 Fans". The Miami Herald . Retrieved July 28, 2012.
- ^ Brazil routs Honduras 5-0 from Yahoo! Sports, November 16, 2013, retrieved December 14, 2014
- ^ "World Cup 2014: England's friendlies will have a Latin accent". The Guardian. January 16, 2014.
- ^ "66,014 is the official attendance for El Clásico Miami at the Hard Rock Stadium". 90Live.
- ^ "Peru - Croatia 2:0". www.flashscore.com.
- ^ Baby, Ben (February 28, 2021). "Canelo Alvarez dominates Avni Yildirim by third-round TKO as corner throws in towel". ESPN . Retrieved February 28, 2021.
- ^ "Floyd Mayweather to fight Logan Paul in exhibition match at Miami's Hard Rock Stadium on June 6". Sky Sports . Retrieved May 26, 2021.
- ^ https://hardrockstadium.com/social-gloves/
- ^ 1988 VFL Exhibition – Collingwood vs. Geelong at Joe Robbie Stadium, Miami YouTube
- ^ Alaa Elassar and Melissa Alonso. "The Miami Dolphins have opened a socially distanced drive-in theater at Hard Rock Stadium". CNN . Retrieved July 30, 2020.
- ^ "Long Lines Form At Hard Rock Stadium Test Site As Florida Coronavirus Numbers Surge". June 25, 2020. Retrieved August 22, 2020.
- ^ "MIAMI GP: Everything you need to know about F1's newest race - including how the track was designed". April 18, 2021. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
- ^ Rovell, Darren (January 20, 2010). "Are Naming Rights Deals A Good Buy?". CNBC . Retrieved February 6, 2017.
- ^ "History". Sun Life Stadium. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
- ^ Evans, Simon (May 8, 2009). "Dolphin Stadium renamed Land Shark Stadium". Reuters . Retrieved May 9, 2009.
- ^ "Sun Life Stadium Named". Sun Life Stadium. January 20, 2010. Archived from the original (Press Release) on July 21, 2011.
- ^ "Sun Life Financial to sell U.S. annuity business for US$1.35 billion". SunLife.com. December 17, 2012.
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External links [edit]
- Official website
- Hark Rock Stadium at StadiumDB.com
- Hard Rock Stadium – Hurricanesports.com
- Hark Rock Stadium Seating Charts
| Preceded by Orange Bowl | Home of the Miami Dolphins 1987 – present | Succeeded by Current |
| Preceded by Orange Bowl | Home of the Miami Hurricanes 2008 – present | Succeeded by Current |
| Preceded by Orange Bowl | Host of the Orange Bowl 1996 – 1998 2000 – present | Succeeded by Orange Bowl |
| Preceded by first ballpark | Home of the Florida Marlins 1993–2011 | Succeeded by LoanDepot Park |
| Preceded by first stadium | Host of the Champs Sports Bowl 1990–2000 | Succeeded by Citrus Bowl |
| Preceded by Jack Murphy Stadium | Host of the Super Bowl XXIII 1989 XXIX 1995 XXXIII 1999 XLI 2007 XLIV 2010 LIV 2020 | Succeeded by Louisiana Superdome |
| Preceded by Louisiana Superdome | Host of the BCS National Championship Game 2001 2005 2009 2013 | Succeeded by Rose Bowl |
| Preceded by Rich Stadium | Host of AFC Championship Game 1993 | Succeeded by Rich Stadium |
| Preceded by Aloha Stadium | Host of the Pro Bowl 2010 | Succeeded by Aloha Stadium |
| Preceded by Georgia Dome | Host of WrestleMania XXVIII 2012 | Succeeded by MetLife Stadium |
| Preceded by Crandon Park | Host of the Miami Open 2019 – present | Succeeded by Current |
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_Rock_Stadium
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